English through civil engineering.+CD

Opis

ENGLISH THROUGH CIVIL ENGINEERING.

CONTENTSUNIT 1Why you do not fall through the floor ................................ 7Reading / Topic: Why structures carry loads .................................. 8Notes on grammar: The Simple Present and Simple Past Tenses ... 10Focus on practice ................................................................... 11UNIT 2Stress on stress, strain and strength............................... 13Reading / Topic: Stress and strain ............................................. 14Notes on grammar: Type 1 conditionals ...................................... 16Focus on practice ................................................................... 17UNIT 3Beams are everywhere ................................................... 20Reading / Topic: Beams ........................................................... 21Notes on structures: Describing properties. Cause and effect ......... 24Focus on practice ................................................................... 24UNIT 4Columns are compressed, whereas wires are stretched ... 26Reading / Topic: Tension and compression structures ................... 27Notes on grammar: The Passive Voice ....................................... 28Focus on practice ................................................................... 294 Spis treściUNIT 5The age of reinforced concrete ....................................... 32Reading / Topic: Reinforced concrete ......................................... 33Notes on grammar: Formation of adjectives ................................ 34Focus on practice ................................................................... 35UNIT 6Joints, fastenings and people ......................................... 37Reading / Topic: Joints in steel structures ................................... 38Notes on grammar: Modal auxiliary verbs ................................... 40Focus on practice ................................................................... 40UNIT 7The part of the building you do not see ........................... 43Reading / Topic: Foundations ................................................... 44Notes on grammar: Identifying and non-identifying relative clauses . 47Focus on practice ................................................................... 47UNIT 8Walls do not always have ears ........................................ 50Reading / Topic: Walls ............................................................ 51Notes on grammar: Time clauses ............................................. 54Focus on practice ................................................................... 55UNIT 9Higher and higher into the sky ........................................ 58Reading / Topic: Skyscrapers .................................................. 59Notes on grammar: Comparative and superlative adjectives .......... 61Focus on practice ................................................................... 62Contents 5UNIT 10Bridges over rough waters ............................................. 64Reading / Topic: Bridges .......................................................... 65Notes on stuctures .................................................................. 67Focus on practice ................................................................... 68UNIT 11There is no smoke without a chimney ............................. 71Reading / Topic: Steel chimneys................................................ 72Notes on stuctures: Impersonal statements ................................. 73Focus on practice ................................................................... 74UNIT 12Nature is at risk ............................................................. 77Reading / Topic: Air pollution (environmental problems) ................. 78Focus on practice ................................................................... 80KEY TO EXERCISES ........................................................... 83THE ENGLISH – POLISH DICTIONARY ............................. 89THE POLISH – ENGLISH DICTIONARY ........................... 111